Abstract
Wind power penetration into existing electrical power systems continues to experience year-on-year growth. Consequently, modern wind turbine systems (WTS) are required to comply with relevant grid codes and provide ancillary grid services to assist with overall grid stability. Adhering to these grid codes and services can cause additional mechanical loading on WTS, which can result in a reduction in service life of some of the drivetrain components, and instability if a sufficient means of damping is not present in the drivetrain. In this paper, a dynamic simulation model of a Type 1, direct grid-connected, fixed-speed (FS) slip-synchronous wind turbine system (SS-WTS) is developed to investigate its dynamic stability in response to the additional mechanical loads imparted onto it during transient events on the grid. The SS-WTS is not equipped with a power converter and, consequently, an understanding of its dynamic stability is critical to evaluate its ability to assist with grid services and maintain stability during transient grid conditions such as low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) events. An analytical transfer function model of a 1.5 MW geared direct grid-connected SS-WTS was derived and implemented in MATLAB/Simulink. It was found that the SS technology provides significant damping to the WTS drivetrain while maintaining dynamic stability during a severe LVRT event. Moreover, it was found that the degree of damping is directly proportional to the value of rated slip, and that high-speed drivetrains provide a greater degree of damping for a given value of rated slip. Furthermore, it is shown that the SS-WTS has the ability to assist with grid services such as primary frequency response, short-circuit strength, and reactive power compensation.
Highlights
Published: 14 August 2021Wind energy remains one of the fastest growing renewable energy markets worldwide, with annual installations surpassing 93 GW in 2020 while showing a year-on-year growth rate of 53% [1,2]
The dynamic stability models developed in the previous sections were transferred to MATLAB/Simulink in order to investigate the dynamic behaviour of the direct grid-connected SS-wind turbine systems (WTS)
The simulation was conducted on a 1.5 MW power level, and Table 1 gives the simulation parameters used in the investigation
Summary
Published: 14 August 2021Wind energy remains one of the fastest growing renewable energy markets worldwide, with annual installations surpassing 93 GW in 2020 while showing a year-on-year growth rate of 53% [1,2]. One of the main drivers of the continued growth of wind turbine installations is the United Nation’s call for urgent action to reach net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 in an attempt to prevent a rise in the average global temperature of more than 2 °C. To reach these targets, it has been proposed that traditional fossil-fuel based generators be phased out, in conjunction with a significant increase in renewable energy generation and infrastructure. As the proportion of wind energy penetration increases, disconnecting large wind farms from the grid could result in a significant imbalance between energy supply and Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
