Abstract
Abstract Jamming of GNSS signals is lately treated as essential threat for GNSS users. It is especially dangerous in the face of common usage of GPS-like systems in everyday life, and the great belief of everyday users in the truth of devices indications. In spite of the legal prohibition of using them, jammers are commonly accessible, especially in the Internet. Last years showed however that such threat generated purposely also some governments, what is clearly visible in armed conflicts, and during military exercises. Of course this creates the great threat for civilian users if will be in the vicinity. Applications and services based upon GNSS are becoming increasingly embedded in modern society, so community have now become critically dependent upon their correct operation. This refers positioning first of all, but telecommunications networks, power grids, financial transactions, whole world of logistics are dependant as well. The main users of GNSS, both professional and non-professional smartphones users are not prepared on such situation, and usually have no technical possibilities to detect of jamming. For operators of critical installations, for example seaports, or airfields, the detection of jamming cases is extremely important. It can be provided with special devices, which are usually based on specific antennas, and deep analysis of signal. In this paper experiments in detection of the jamming with helical antennas are discussed
Highlights
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a common acronym for US Global Positioning System (GPS), and similar to them: Russian GLONASS, European Union Galileo, and BeiDou of China
The weak side of all these systems is the low power of radiotransmitters installed on satellites, so signal received on the Earth is very week
The special attention was directed on the activity of the Sun, and state of Ionosphere which especially determined the threat for such systems in polar, and magnetic equator areas
Summary
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a common acronym for US Global Positioning System (GPS), and similar to them: Russian GLONASS, European Union Galileo, and BeiDou of China. At the moment the standard GNSS receiver is not equipped with any tool for detecting the jamming, and for ordinary users it is difficult to discover such accident Most often it ascertains disturbances when the receiver freezes indications, while the carrier changes its own position, or coordinates on the display are completely different than on the other navigation devices. Authors of this paper found, that the protection of the critical infrastructure from disturbances demanded establish at least two stationary posts with opportunity to determine at least two directions on the source of disturbances, so it gives localization of the area in which jammer is situated It is possible by using directional antenna with GNSS receiver. If signal will be detected by signal processor 1 and 2 this can be interpreted as jammer is located in the sector between azimuth 300 degrees and 330 degrees
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