Abstract
Urban planning typically involves multiple actors and stakeholders with conflicting opinions and diverging preferences. The proposed development plans and actions greatly affect the quality of life of the local community at different spatial scales and time horizons. Consequently, it is important for decision-makers to understand and analyse the conflicting needs and priorities of the local community. This paper presents a decision analytic framework for evaluating stakeholder conflicts in urban planning. First, the stakeholders state their preferences regarding the actions in terms of a set of criteria and estimate the weight of each criterion. Then, a conflict index and overall value for each action is calculated. Next, a set of Pareto efficient portfolios of actions are generated by solving an optimization problem with different levels of conflict as a resource constraint. Finally, a sensitivity analysis of the actions is performed. The framework is demonstrated using real-world survey data collected in the municipality of Upplands Väsby, Sweden.
Highlights
Land use and urban planning involve a wide range of stakeholders with a plurality of conflicting interests, goals, and activities that have impacts at different spatial scales and time horizons (Geertman and Stillwell 2003)
Feick and Hall (2001) developed a spatial decision support system that united geographic information systems (GIS) technology with multiple criteria evaluation based on weighted summation and concordance analysis to explore issues of conflict and consensus regarding the selection of developable sites for tourism accommodations
Based on Swedish register data, we created two stakeholder groups by selecting geographical subareas in the municipality of Upplands Väsby with the highest and lowest proportion of non-Swedish citizens, denoted by group D and group E, respectively
Summary
Land use and urban planning involve a wide range of stakeholders with a plurality of conflicting interests, goals, and activities that have impacts at different spatial scales and time horizons (Geertman and Stillwell 2003). Zhang and Fung (2013) proposed a conflict resolution model in a public participation GIS prototype designed for land use planning In their model, the conflicts are resolved both by analysing the stakeholders’ preferences (criteria weights) and by enabling stakeholders to find compromises by interacting through a Web-based discussion forum. The aim of the framework is to support decision-makers, i.e. planners and politicians, with identifying and analysing conflict-prone actions that are potentially costly and time-consuming if not detected early and managed properly. We envision it as being used at various decision points in the urban planning process, making the process more data-driven, transparent, and accountable. We conclude with a discussion of the results, highlighting points of interest, and suggest directions for future research
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