Poor eyesight in primary and middle school students in Beijing during 2010–2016

Abstract

Objective To understand the prevalence and trend of the poor eyesight in primary and middle school students in Beijing, and to provide theoretical basis for eyesight protection and myopia prevention and control. Methods According to “Technical Standard for Student Health Inspection” (GB/T 26343–2010), students were examined with a standard logarithmic visual acuity E chart for naked eye vision. Results The prevalence of poor eyesight among primary and middle school students in 2010-2016 was 63.0%, 62.1%, 62.9%, 60.7%, 59.2% and 58.6% respectively, decreased by 7.0% in 6 years, primary school students dropped by 9.7%, and junior school students, senior high school students and vocational high school students increased by 5.5%, 3.3% and 14.1% respectively. Urban and suburban areas (61.2%, 54.3%) decreased by 9.6% and 2.9% respectively. Regardless of boys and girls, urban and suburb, between 2010 and 2016, the overall composition ratio of students in each school segment was expressed as primary school > junior school > senior high school students > vocational high school, and vocational high school students accounted for the minimum; the overall composition ratio of primary school has become more and more large. Conclusion Eyesight protection and myopia prevention among primary and middle school students in Beijing is still challenging. All departments should take active and effective measures to control the newly onset and progression of low vision and improve eyesight. 【摘要】 目的 了解北京市中小学生视力不良检出率及变化趋势, 为学生视力保护及近视防控提供参考依据。 方法 按照《学生健康检査技术规范》 (GB/T 26343—2010), 采用标准对数视力表对北京市全体中小学生进行裸眼远视力检査。 结果 2010—2016 年北京市中小学生视力不良检出率分别为 63.0%, 62.1%, 62.9%, 60.7%, 59.2% 和 58.6%, 6 年间下降了 7.0%。2015—2016 年小学生、初中生、普通髙中生、职业髙中生视力不良检出率分别为 45.5%, 78.4%, 89.4%和74.5%, 较 2010—2011 年小学生下降了 9.7%, 初中生、普通髙中生和职业髙中生分别增长了 5.5%, 3.3% 和 14.1%; 2015—2016 年, 城 区、郊区学生视力不良检出率分别为 61.2% 和 54.3%, 较 2010—2011 年分别下降了 9.6% 和 2.9%。不论男生、女生, 城区、 郊区, 2010—2016 年, 每年各学段学生总体构成比均表现为小学>初中>普通髙中>职业髙中, 职业髙中学生占比最小; 随着 年份的增加, 小学的构成比增大。 结论 北京市中小学生视力不良防控工作任务艰巨。各部门应采取积极有效的措施, 控 制视力不良新发和加重, 提髙中小学生视力健康水平。