Poly(1,8-octanediol citrate)/bioactive glass composite with improved mechanical performance and bioactivity for bone regeneration

Abstract

Poly(1,8-octanediol-co-citrate) (POC) represents a new promising biocompatible and biodegradable polyester that has been extensively investigated for soft tissue engineering. However, the poor mechanical performance and poor bioactivity limit its application in bone regeneration. In this study, a series of POC/bioactive glasses (BG) composites were developed using 45S5 Bioglass® and a phytic acid-derived bioactive glass (referred as PSC). The results indicated that calcium in BG could enhance the crosslinking of the POC/BG composites by forming calcium dicarboxylate bridges and thus improve their mechanical performances. When PSC were used, the composites exhibited significantly better mechanical properties compared to composites with 45S5 Bioglass®. For example, by incorporating 70wt% PSC, the compressive strength of POC/PSC composites could be improved to approximately 50MPa and modulus 1.3±0.1GPa. Furthermore, all these POC/PSC composites showed good in vitro bioactivity and cellular biocompatibility. Histology results in femoral condyle defects of Sprague-Dawley rats indicated that the POC/PSC samples integrated well with surrounding tissues and stimulated bone regeneration. The improved mechanical properties and bioactivity of POC/PSC composites make them promising for potential application in bone regeneration.