Political Acceptance of Dangerous Technology: The Example of Leaded Petrol through the Case Study of Switzerland (1921–1970)

Abstract

In 1921, General Motors chemists decided to add tetraethyl, a highly toxic lead additive, into petrol to reduce ‘knock’ or ‘pinging’ in internal combustion engines. Despite the opposition from health authorities, the lead additive would come to dominate the global market, particularly during the Great Acceleration (1950–2000). Before the progressive elimination of its use, many voices in the USA and in Europe spoke out against using this additive. How was such acceptance of widespread poisoning possible? We analyse the case of Switzerland to explain the acceptance of lead poisoning. Our aim is to show how concerns over health and environmental impacts from toxic lead were not publicised and how corporate interests trumped concerns over the wellbeing of the community, despite known human risks.