Abstract
The Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) Program, managed by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Fossil Energy (FE) and administered by the FE’s National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), is currently developing low-cost SOFC power generation systems. SOFC power systems have the potential to achieve greater than 60 percent efficiency. The SOFC’s operating temperature is lower than combustion-based processes and precludes NOx formation; there are near-zero emissions of CO2, criteria pollutants, and particulates. Furthermore, SOFC power systems require approximately one-third the amount of water relative to conventional combustion-based power systems. The Program includes the testing of SOFC with natural gas in distributed applications, including data centers. In addition to SOFC, there are several new projects on various aspects of high temperature solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) for electrolysis of water. The development of efficient systems for hydrogen production is very interesting, especially when supplementary heat is provided from solar or other waste heat sources such as nuclear or coal power plants.
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