Abstract
The aim of this research work is to modulate the pitch angle of both types of wind turbines based on fuzzy logic control (FLC), as changes in the pitch angle have various functions in horizontal and vertical axis wind turbines. For HAWT, pitch angle control is applied to shield the electrical components of the turbine when the wind speed exceeds the rated speed without shutting down the turbine. FLC is used to control the angular velocity using two inputs and one output with three membership functions for both inputs and output. In VAWT, pitch angle control is applied to boost the performance of the turbine and its self-starting torque. FLC utilizes two inputs and one output with five membership functions for both inputs and output. For both turbine types, FLC produces a control signal that drives the actuator to achieve the desired pitch angle. The dynamics of HAWT and VAWT are simulated by the MATLAB/Simulink to demonstrate the influence of pitch controls on their dynamics. For HAWT, the FLC control has successfully maintained the angular speed of the rotor. The values of tip speed ratio and coefficient of performance are reduced in order to maintain the rotor angular velocity at its rated value. On the other hand, the results showed that the torque produced by the VAWT individual blade has improved with the pitch angle control. In addition, using FLC to control the pitch angle gives enhanced output and higher Cp at low tip speed ratios. Gain schedule PI controller is also used in both HAWT and VAWT for comparative study.
Highlights
Electricity derived from renewable energy sources may provide a constructive contribution to the reduction of environmental emissions since fossil fuels remain the most common energy source to generate electricity
Wind turbines are generally known as a horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) or a vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) based on the direction of the axis of rotation
The H-type VAWT mathematical model presented in Section 2.1 was simulated using
Summary
Electricity derived from renewable energy sources may provide a constructive contribution to the reduction of environmental emissions since fossil fuels remain the most common energy source to generate electricity. Komass [16] investigated the effect of pitch angle change on the H-type VAWT efficiency to get the higher value of the ratio between lift to drag coefficients and the higher individual blade torque at all azimuth positions as well. A novel pitch control technique based on FLC for the H-type VAWT is proposed The aim of this control is to adjust the pitch angle in order to maintain the angle of attack of the blade at its optimum value to enhance the performance of the turbine. The objective of preserving the rotor angular speed is to secure the electric components of the turbine Mathematical models for both types of turbines were simulated by MATLAB/SIMULINK in order to compare the effectiveness of pitch control on the performance of both types.
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