Abstract
Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics (1-x)(Na0.5K0.5)NbO3–x(Bi0.5Na0.5)0.94Ba0.06TiO3 (abbreviated as NKN–BNBT100x, x = 0–0.10) were fabricated by a conventional mixed oxide route, and the effects of BNBT on electrical properties and crystal structures were investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis results indicate that BNBT diffuses into the NKN lattice to form a solid solution during sintering. All samples show pure perovskite structures and an orthorhombic-tetragonal phase transition with increasing x. The tetragonality, however, declined with further increasing x. The dielectric and piezoelectric properties are enhanced for the composition near the orthorhombic-tetragonal morphotropic phase boundary. The NKN–BNBT4 ceramics show good performance with piezoelectric constant d33 = 256 pC/N, planar electromechanical coupling factor kp = 43%, and dielectric constant ε33T/ε0 = 875. The results reveal that (1-x)(Na0.5K0.5)NbO3–x(Bi0.5Na0.5)0.94Ba0.06TiO3 ceramics are promising candidate materials for lead-free piezoelectric application.
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