Abstract
Objective: Soursop (Annona muricata) is a tropical plant which has been utilized as a folk medicine to treat many diseases including cancer, inflammation and parasitic infection. In this study, we investigated its phytochemistry properties and antioxidant activity against free radicals.
 Methods: Annona muricata leaves were extracted in three different solvents: ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane. Afterwards, a phytochemistry test and the thin layer chromatography (TLC) method were used to evaluate bioactive compounds contained in the three different extracts. Antioxidant activity from the semi-polar (ethyl acetate) and polar (ethanol) solvents were evaluated by the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method, and the antioxidant activity is expressed by IC50 value. The results were compared to ascorbic acid as a positive control.
 Results: The phytochemistry test showed that the extracts were positive for flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, glycosides and tannins. Moreover, TLC analysis revealed that there were three chemical compounds contained in the extracts. The results from the DPPH method were that ethanolic extract was shown to have the most potent antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 35.51 ppm.
 Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of Annona muricata could be developed as the next promising natural antioxidant source.
Highlights
Oxidative stress is a condition that occurs when an imbalance between the amount of reactive oxygen-nitrogen species (RONS) and free radical defense mechanism, or antioxidants, leads to a disruption of redox signaling [1, 2]
Increasing evidence suggests that RONS and oxidative stress play a causative role in chronic disease pathogenesis, such as cancer, neurodegenerative disease, cardiovascular disease and metabolic disease [3, 4]
[2] In this study, we evaluated antioxidant activity of the A. muricata extracts to free radical DPPH
Summary
Oxidative stress is a condition that occurs when an imbalance between the amount of reactive oxygen-nitrogen species (RONS) and free radical defense mechanism, or antioxidants, leads to a disruption of redox signaling [1, 2]. RONS are by-products of normal cellular metabolism known to have beneficial effects as signaling molecules for inflammation, wound healing and tissue regeneration [1]. RONS plays an important role in cell homeostasis and fighting pathogens. An excessive number of RONS tends to initiate free radical reactions, which result in irreversible DNA damage, protein changes, cellular dysfunction and cytotoxicity. Increasing evidence suggests that RONS and oxidative stress play a causative role in chronic disease pathogenesis, such as cancer, neurodegenerative disease, cardiovascular disease and metabolic disease [3, 4]
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