Phytochemical Screening and Pharmacological Evaluation of Anti Diabetic Activity of Abrus precatorius Plant Extracts

Abstract

Abrus precatorius a successor member of Fabaceae family commonly known as Rosemary pea or Jacqueline. The thorough literature survey reveals that A. precatorious is found to have many pharmacological activities like Anti-bacterial, Anti-fungal, Anti-tumor, Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Antispasmodic, Anti-diabetic, Anti-serotonergic, Anti-migraine. Traditionally A. precatorius is used as one of the Principle anti diabetic plants in the multi-component herbal recipes. And the Anti- Diabetic activity of A. precatorious is yet to be explored in a more-wide view, in spite of the extensive work reported. In continuation of such investigations the shade dried leaf and seed extracts of A. precatorious were subjected to successive solvent extraction using Soxhlation using Benzene and Chloroform. Varying concentrations of the extracts were pre-incubated each with α-glucosidase and α-amylase followed by the addition of p-nitrophenyl glucopyranoside. The Benzene extract has shown highest anti-diabetic activity with a % inhibition in the range of 65.28 - 73.88 comparable with standard values. All the plant extracts were tested for phytochemical screening and anti-diabetic activity by inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme, all the plant extracts were evaluated for anti-diabetic activity, the results of the extracts has been compared with the standard Voglibose. Leaf extract showed a positive result which is rich in chemotherapeutic constituents that could be potentially useful for the development of hypoglycemic drugs in the near future.