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Abstract
ABSTRACTThe phytochemical constituent and antimicrobial activities of Bersama abyssinica leaf extracts against multidrug-resistant bacterial uropathogens were evaluated. Seven organic solvents were used in the extraction of the leaves of B. abyssinica. Agar well diffusion assay, minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentration analysis, bioassay-guided fractionation, and spectral and elemental analysis were used to identify the principal phytochemical ingredients. Confirmation of detected compound was done by thin layer chromatography, elemental and spectroscopic (1H-NMR, 13C NMR, and IR) techniques. Ethyl acetate-based extract demonstrated the highest antimicrobial activity against the tested bacteria. The highest zone of inhibition (395.3 ± 26.7 mm2) was observed by the ethyl acetate extract against multidrug-resistant uropathogenic Staphylococcus aureus. Totally, 11 main compounds were identified from the active fraction of which picolinyl hydrazide was the principal compound. Antimicrobial activities of B. abyssinica varied with the extraction solvents, concentration of extracts, and types of test microorganisms. Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible to the plant extracts, and ethyl acetate was the best extraction solvent.
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