Abstract
Background:Controlling infectious disease using medicinal plants is the oldest healthcare known to mankind. Regardless of the enormous advances observed in modern medicine, medicinal plants are still playing vital roles. However, only a small proportion of medicinal plants are examined for bioactive compounds which may vary in different factors. This study aimed to evaluate phytochemical constituent and antimicrobial activities of Nicotiana tabacum L. extracted by different solvents against three set of bacteria.Methods: Nicotiana tabacum L. was collected from the Western Ethiopia and extracted in seven organic solvents. An in-vitro anti-bacterial activity of plant extracts was carried out by agar well diffusion assay against microbial type culture collection of human pathogens, clinical bacterial isolates, and biofilm forming bacteria. Gas Chromatographic and Mass Spectroscopic (GC-MS) analysis was used to determine the phytochemical constituents.Results:Antimicrobial activities of plant extract vary by extraction solvents; and ethyl acetate based extracts showed better antimicrobial activities. Of the experimental organisms, biofilm forming uropathogens were the most sensitive while clinical isolates were quite resistant. Analysis of the active ethyl acetate extract by GC-MS evinced a mixture of five volatile compounds; and Pyridine, 3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)-, (S) was the major compound detected. The overall results of the present study revealed that N. tabacum L extract has high antimicrobial activities against biofilm forming uropathogens.Conclusion:High antimicrobial activity was observed in ethyl acetate extract of N. tabacum against the biofilm forming bacteria whereas the clinically isolated bacteria were the most resistant group. The antibacterial property demonstrated could be due to Pyridine, 3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)-(S) with a broad spectrum of activity.
Highlights
The decreasing efficacy of antibiotics and the upsurge of multidrug resistant pathogens are causing a great scourge to the global healthcare system and society [1]
High antimicrobial activity was observed in ethyl acetate extract of N. tabacum against the biofilm forming bacteria whereas the clinically isolated bacteria were the most resistant group
The antibacterial property demonstrated could be due to Pyridine, 3-(1methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)-(S) with a broad spectrum of activity
Summary
The decreasing efficacy of antibiotics and the upsurge of multidrug resistant pathogens are causing a great scourge to the global healthcare system and society [1]. Thence, a novel class of antimicrobials is urgently needed to combat the increased incidence of multidrug resistant pathogens [2]. It is proposed that about twenty novel classes of antibiotics are required to support modern medicine during the 50 years [3]. Now-a-days, the plant preparations successfully used in the treatment of many infectious diseases are envisaged for antimicrobial potency. Their antimicrobial efficacy ascribed to the existence of diverse array of bioactive principles. This study aimed to evaluate phytochemical constituent and antimicrobial activities of Nicotiana tabacum L. extracted by different solvents against three set of bacteria
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