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Abstract
Effect of different culture media, pH levels and natural substrates on mycelial growth and sporulation of Alternaria porri and Stemphylium vesicarium, incitants of purple blotch complex of onion was investigated. Maximum colony growth of A. porri and S. vesicarium was recorded on oat meal agar and Richard’s agar while, oat meal agar and V8 juice agar recorded the maximum sporulation, respectively. Similarly, pH 5.0 and 6.0 on potato dextrose agar (PDA) recorded the maximum colony growth of A. porri and S. vesicarium, respectively. None of the pH levels on PDA supported the sporulation of A. porri while maximum sporulation of S. vesicarium was recorded on pH 5.0. Onion seed stalks and garlic leaves were found to be the most suitable natural substrates for mass multiplication of A. porri and S. vesicarium, respectively. The present findings are useful for preparation of inoculums required for resistance breeding and fungicidal evaluation against purple blotch complex.
Highlights
Onion (Allium cepa L.) is one among the most important vegetable crops grown throughout the world
Purple leaf blotch (PLB) caused by Alternaria porri (Ellis) Cif. and Stemphylium leaf blight (SLB) caused by Stemphylium vesicarium (Wallr.) Simmons, are the major diseases of onion world-wide affecting the foliage severely resulting in crop loss ranging from 30 to 100 per cent both in seed and bulb crop from year to year [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8] and are more prevalent in warm and humid environment [9, 10]
Uddin et al [16] reported that the SLB pathogen (S. vesicarium) is first to initiate infection, which is followed by subsequent infection by the pathogen of purple leaf blotch (PLB) (A. porri) and the disease is designated as purple blotch complex (PBC)
Summary
Onion (Allium cepa L.) is one among the most important vegetable crops grown throughout the world. Purple leaf blotch (PLB) caused by Alternaria porri (Ellis) Cif. and Stemphylium leaf blight (SLB) caused by Stemphylium vesicarium (Wallr.) Simmons, are the major diseases of onion world-wide affecting the foliage severely resulting in crop loss ranging from 30 to 100 per cent both in seed and bulb crop from year to year [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8] and are more prevalent in warm and humid environment [9, 10]. The difficulty in sporulation of A. porri in culture media as well as on host under normal conditions has been reported by Skiles [17], Fahim [18], Rotem and Bashi [19] and Gupta and Pathak [20]
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