Physicochemical characteristics of oil palm frond and application of CMF Hydrogel as a natural encapsulant for probiotic

Abstract

Oil palm solid waste from Indonesia’s large oil palm plantations has enormous potential to meet various human needs. Lb. fermentum InaCC B 1295 (LFB1295) was tested in vitro for viability, acid and bile tolerance, safety assessment, and antioxidant activities as a potential probiotic. The physiochemical characteristics of oil palm frond (OPF) and cellulose microfiber (CMF) were also examined. OPF mainly consisted of carbohydrates, particularly fiber, followed by ash, protein, and fat. The major components of OPF fiber were cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose. The crystal index of the cellulose from OPF was 93.4%, according to an X-ray diffraction examination. The vibrations that stretch the cellulose’s -OH group were discovered via FTIR analysis at 3420.05 cm-1. The viability of LFB1295 was maintained at 9.99 log CFU/g by CMF from OPF. The persistence of LFB1295 under bile-containing conditions and at low pH was characterized by a decrease in cell number at 2.03 and 1.56 log CFU/mL, respectively. Based on its ability to repel hydrogen peroxide, neutralize DPPH radicals, and actively neutralize hydroxyl radicals. LFB1295, encapsulated in CMF hydrogel of OPF, has good antioxidant characteristics. This fact is demonstrated by the value of Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, which is 78.43%, and the capacity to scavenge DPPH radicals, which has an inhibition and IC50 of 47.28%. Encapsulated LFB1295 by CMF hydrogel from OPF passed all in vitro safety tests.