Abstract

In every science, in every period of its development, you can always find a whole series of controversial issues that are at the moment, so to speak, next in line and await their final resolution. Especially many such questions arise at a time when the well-known science enters a new period of its development, when new ways are outlined in its progressive movement, new theories are put forward, new methods of research are proposed. In such a case, the abundance of controversial issues that appear on the stage indicates only that the previous provisions, dominating in the sciences, turned out to be untenable, the existing views obsolete, the old theories - shaky, unusable. The known degree of revitalization in the scientific development of the most urgent questions, the overwhelming passion during their discussion and decision, the usual enthusiasm and mistakes - all this characterizes sufficiently each new direction in science, all this is observed with the emergence of each new school.

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