Abstract
Scientific and fundamental metrology concerns the development of new measurement methods. Technology development evaluates in the emergence of new devices, methods and techniques, allowing to obtain spatial and geometric information about constructions with greater accuracy and less labour- and time-consumption. Applied metrology concerns the application of measurement science to their use in society. Such information is of great importance, since the use of these data can provide, for example, a complete view of the construction project documentation accuracy or will allow for further structure and facility monitoring, deviations of structures from the design project, sediment and overall construction state. Another important application is the imprinting objects, in particular listed buildings, in order to preserve their appearance, meaning the use of this data in the restoration or rehabilitation facilities. During the subsequent processing information can be transformed into other forms of fixation like drawings and three-dimensional model. Metrology has thrived at the interface between science and manufacturing. Particularly, Laser scanning and Photogrammetry methods found their wide application in solving practical tasks in architecture and building construction. These are the most common methods of obtaining this information. The article presents the description of both methods and discusses their advantages and disadvantages, as well as aspects, which determine the use of a particular method in different situations.
Highlights
The problem of listed buildings and structures fixing methods improvement, in our opinion, is always actual
Laser scanning has been conducted by means of the Leica Scanstation 2 scanner with an 6 mm accuracy of position in space definition, 4 mm distances to object accuracy and the 2 mm accuracy of a surface modeling
The model received using a photogrammetric method can be used for purposes when high precision is not necessary, for example for the fact-finding purposes or for saving information about the appearance of object
Summary
The problem of listed buildings and structures fixing methods improvement, in our opinion, is always actual. There are other known forms of fixing - drawings They provide geometry, but don't represent the exact appearance of object. Emergence of new geodetic devices (system of laser scanning) and digital photogrammetry methods development can provide brand new forms of fixing [1]. Technologies of creating three-dimensional models of historical buildings and various construction objects have been developing for more than 20 years in Russia and abroad. Use of laser scanning technologies in 3D design during product creation or modernization allows to create uniform design-technology model, provides effective enterprise designers, technologists and other specialists interaction, and in general considerably reduces terms and increases quality of technological product preparation. Photogrammetry is generally used for obtaining drawings of buildings facades This method of inspection has proved itself well in construction branch. Comparison of the automated models creation methods on the basis of laser scanning and a Photogrammetry data will allow to define strong and weak points of both methods which is necessary for their effective sharing [26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34]
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