Abstract
This article presents an inventory of the early editions of Philip Melanchthon's Iudicium de controversia coenae Domini, its manuscript copies, prints, and German translations. Count Frederick III, who had inherited the Palatinate as Elector in 1559 and was bound by Lutheran Church Order, sought Melanchthon's advice to help end the eucharistic controversies. The article reviews the history of church affairs in Heidelberg from 1559 to 1561, before and after the Advice was sought, received, and published — in order to assess its impact. Our proposition is that Melanchthon's influence on Frederick III was decisive for the reformation of doctrine and worship in the Palatinate even before the theologians who drafted the Heidelberg Catechism assembled. A revised modern English translation of the Iudicium is also provided.
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