Abstract
The correlation-based synthetic aperture radar imaging technique, termed radar coincidence imaging, is extended to a fully multistatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) configuration. Within this framework, we explore two distinct processing schemes: incoherent processing of intensity data, obtained using asynchronous receivers and inspired by optical ghost imaging works, and coherent processing with synchronized array elements. Improvement in resolution and image quality is demonstrated in both cases using numerical simulations that model an airborne MIMO SAR system at microwave frequencies. Finally, we explore methods for reducing measurement times and computational loads through compressive and gradient image reconstruction using phaseless data.
Highlights
Radar coincidence imaging (RCI) is a recently proposed microwave imaging approach that applies principles of ghost imaging in a radar array or synthetic aperture radar (SAR) framework [1]
For the sake of presentation, we consider in this paper an airborne multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) SAR scenario in which a collection of N = 40 airborne transmitters, e.g., a constellation of transmitting UAVs, fly at an altitude of x = 2 km in the yz plane, parallel to the two-dimensional region of interest
Building upon other RCI studies, we have examined the advantages of implementing incoherent processing techniques, derived from optical ghost imaging, in a microwave SAR setting
Summary
Radar coincidence imaging (RCI) is a recently proposed microwave imaging approach that applies principles of ghost imaging in a radar array or synthetic aperture radar (SAR) framework [1]. Multiple-input single-output (MISO) [1,2,3,4] or single-input multiple-output (SIMO) [5] RCI systems have been put forth as candidates for achieving incoherent measurement patterns required in a ghost imaging scheme through a superposition of approximately time- and space-independent waveforms In these cases, approximately uncorrelated measurement patterns can be guaranteed through stochastic modulation of the transmitted signals. Instead of sequentially switching through each channel in the MIMO system, significant effort has gone into investigating orthogonal coding schemes in order to access these additional degrees of freedom for post processing [8,9,10,11,12,13] This enables rapid signal acquisition through simultaneous illumination and reception among all of the array elements, with the potential for high-speed and high-resolution, wide-swath radar. By noting the relationship of RCI to the optical ghost imaging method, we will see that incoherent processing of RCI data can significantly alleviate synchronization requirements for high-resolution MIMO imaging
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