Abstract
In this study, the effects of temperature, light intensity, and aeration rate on the biomass, total lipid, and the residual water-soluble fractions of Phaeodactylum tricornutum were ascertained. The maximum total lipid yield of 22.39% was attained at a n-hexane/biomass ratio of 200/1, Soxhlet extraction time of 6 h and a heating rate level of 6 at 69 °C. The optimum fatty acid composition with a mass fraction of 99.70% was detected at a temperature of 10 °C, a light intensity of 431 μmol m−2 s−1, and an aeration rate of 3.0 L min−1. The total fatty acid consisted of a major percentage of MUFAs (46.1–56.6%), followed by SFAs (39.5–53.2%), and PUFAs (0–12.5%) providing a CN index of 59.3, IV of 70 g I2/100 g FAMEs, DU of 71%, CFPP of −4.5 °C, and SV and HHV of 205 mg KOH g−1 and 39.5 MJ kg−1, respectively, meeting the requirements of EN 14214 and ASTM D6751. Additionally, the maximum total phenol content value of 3.53 mg Gallic acid equivalent g−1 dry weight was obtained via a Folin-Ciocalteu assay at 22 °C, 98 μmol m−2s−1, and 3.0 L min−1, while, the maximum total antioxidant capacity of 16.27 μmol Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity g−1 dry weight was observed with the help of the ABTS method over a broader cultivation condition range. Hence, P. tricornutum can be considered as a potential feedstock for biofuel and value-added bioproduct production offering a novel integrated lab-scale biorafination process.
Published Version
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