Abstract
Common cypress ( Cupressus sempervirens L.) is an east Mediterranean plant element and one of four native conifers in Iran. During spring and summer of 2012, a field survey was carried out in different areas of Kerman province (south-eastern Iran) to study cypress decline diseases. Samples were collected from crowns, trunks and branches of cypress trees showing yellowing, dieback, canker, wilting of leaves and internal wood discoloration. Isolations were made from symptomatic wood tissues. Based on morphological and molecular characteristics, four species of Phaeoacremonium , namely Phaeoacremonium parasiticum , Pm. aleophilum , Pm. iranianum and Pm. rubrigenum , and two species of the Botryosphaeriaceae, Botryosphaeria dothidea and Neofusicoccum parvum , were isolated and identified. Pathogenicity tests were undertaken to determine the role of these species on 2-year-old potted cypress plants and green shoots of grapevine. Neofusicoccum parvum was more virulent than the other species and caused the largest lesions on both hosts. The fungi were re-isolated from margins of lesions and healthy tissue, thus completing Koch’s postulates. This is the first report of B. dothidea , N. parvum , Pm. aleophilum , Pm. rubrigenum and Pm. iranianum as pathogens on Mediterranean cypress trees.
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