Perinatal outcome in pregnancy induced hypertension cases at GMERS Medical College, Dharpur-Patan, North Gujarat region, India: a prospective study

Abstract

Background: Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) is one of the common conditions of unknown etiology which increases risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Objectives : To study the maternal and perinatal outcome in pregnancy induced hypertension. Methods: A prospective study was carried out from February 2014 to January 2015 in the Department of obstetrics and gynecology of GMERS medical college and hospital, Dharpur-Patan, North Gujarat, India. A total of 95 pregnant women with PIH were enrolled in the study. A pre-tested interview tool was used to collect necessary information such as detailed history, clinical examination findings and investigations performed. Results were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 (Trial Version). Results: In the present study, the overall incidence of PIH was 12.8%, which includes preeclampsia in 11.4% and eclampsia in 1.4%. Out of total 95 cases, 69 (72.6%) were emergency cases. 72 (75.7%) cases were from rural area. The most common symptoms were labour pains (48.4%) followed by eclampsia (11.5%). 51 (53.7%) women delivered normally. Eclampsia was the commonest maternal complication affecting 11.6% of cases. Out of total 95 births, perinatal deaths were occurred in 22 (23.15%) cases. Out of 22 perinatal deaths, 13 (61.2%) were still births and 9 (42.8%) were neonatal deaths. Conclusions: Pregnancy induced hypertension is a common medical disorder seen associated with pregnancy especially among young primigravidas, who remain unregistered during pregnancy. Maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality can be reduced by early recognition and institutional management.