A study to evaluate the perinatal outcome in pregnancy induced hypertension

Astha Tiwari ,Rinu Dwivedi

doi:10.17511/ijpr.2016.i06.17

Abstract

Introduction: Pregnancy-induced hypertension is the general classification for hypertension diseases during pregnancy, which include pregnancy-induced hypertension usually after 20th week of gestation (without proteinuria), pre-eclampsia (with proteinuria), and eclampsia (pre-eclampsia with convulsions). This disease is responsible for high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality rates, and is one of the main public health problems. Material and Methods: It was retrospective study conducted between March 2013 to March 2016 in the department of pediatrics, Chirayu Medical College and hospital Bhopal. A total of 3015 mothers were delivered in department of obstetrics and gynecology. Out of these 180 were identified as having pregnancy induced hypertension. During the same period 100 mothers without any risk factor were included in the study. Results: Out of 180 cases of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, majority were of preeclampsia (47.22%), then Gestational hypertension 38.88%, percentage of eclampsia (13.88%). Incidence of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension– 5.97%. Incidence of low birth weight in PIH is 57.7%, preterm 44.2% and IUGR 20.4%, Still birth 8(4.4%) , early neonatal death 22(12.2%), Highest incidence of LBW (88%), Preterm (80%), IUGR (12%) is present in eclampsia group. In control group incidence of LBW is 22% (P<.001)**, Prmaturity-18% (P<.001)**, IUGR-6% P(<.05)*. Conclusion: The purpose of this article is to give overview of burden of adverse perinatal outcome in high risk Pregnancy. Thus High risk pregnancy should be identified prospectively and then given special care, perhaps a major impact on overall perinatal loss could be reduced.

Highlights

Pregnancy-induced hypertension is the general classification for hypertension diseases during pregnancy, which include pregnancy-induced hypertension usually after 20th week of gestation, pre-eclampsia, and eclampsia
The most common consequences associated with hypertension diseases Intra-uterine fetal growth restriction (IUGR), intrauterine fetal demise and prematurity and low birth
Antepartum diagnosis of mild, moderate, and severe preeclampsia is based on series of defined criteria occurring after 20 weeks of gestation [7]

Summary

Introduction

Pregnancy-induced hypertension is the general classification for hypertension diseases during pregnancy, which include pregnancy-induced hypertension usually after 20th week of gestation (without proteinuria), pre-eclampsia (with proteinuria), and eclampsia (pre-eclampsia with convulsions) This disease is responsible for high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality rates, and is one of the main public health problems [5, 6]. Ongoing debate on the optimal way to classify disease severity in preeclampsia is likely due to incomplete knowledge of the underlying pathophysiology of disorder, with the clinical and Pediatric Review: International Journal of Pediatric Research Available online at: www.pediatricreview.in 472 | P a g e laboratory manifestations of preeclampsia representing a common endpoint for a variety of maternal disease states during pregnancy [9]

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