Performance, body composition and net requirements of protein and energy for weight gain in steers supplemented with or without addition of lipids

Tiago Cunha Rocha,Ronaldo Lopes Oliveira,Paulo Roberto Silveira Pimentel,Cláudio Teixeira Lombardi,Elizabeth Fonsêca Processi,Clóvis Carlos Silveira Filho,Laila Cecília Ramos Bendia,Leilson Rocha Bezerra,Carlos Augusto De Alencar Fontes

doi:10.14393/bj-v36n2a2020-42226

Tiago Cunha Rocha, Ronaldo Lopes Oliveira + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v36n2a2020-42226

Copy DOI

Abstract

This research aimed to evaluate the performance, body composition and net requirements for protein and energy in grazing Nellore steers supplemented with or without addition of lipids. Twenty-eight steers, 301 ± 5.8 kg BW, were used in the experiment. The comparative slaughter method was used, with four steers used as references. The remaining 24 steers were randomly distributed into four groups, during 180 days, according to treatment: only Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa grass; Mombasa grass with concentrated supplementation based on soybean meal; Mombasa grass with concentrate containing lipids from soybean oil; and Mombasa grass with concentrate containing lipids derived from soybean grains. The total DMI of the steers fed only the pasture did not differ (P > 0.05) from the average intake of the treatments with or without addition of lipids. There were no differences (P > 0.05) between treatments for total daily gain, carcass and non carcass for protein, energy and fat. The requirements of protein and energy did not differ (P > 0.05) among the treatments. When the pasture is of good quality, supplementation does not alter the body composition or the net requirements of protein and energy for weight gain. The supplementations with higher concentrations of lipids (oil and grain) were not enough to promote greater gains in fat and energy in carcass.

Highlights

The NRC (1984, 1996, 2000), ARC (1980) and CSIRO (1990, 2007) are commonly used to determine nutritional requirements in beef cattle systems
The comparison of these products becomes necessary because the byproduct used, as well as the amounts to be used in the diet, significantly influences the performance of animals and the final weight to be sent to the market, and supplementation of soybeans byproducts is a cheaper approach to reduce production cost (RODRIGUES FILHO et al, 2013; SILVA-MARQUES et al, 2015)
The pastures were fertilized by the application of 100 kg N and 50 kg K2O/ha/year was applied in each paddock before the mowing of vegetation, which occurred early in the growing season; this was repeated fertilization outside of the bulls of each paddock before the third grazing cycle

Summary

Introduction

The NRC (1984, 1996, 2000), ARC (1980) and CSIRO (1990, 2007) are commonly used to determine nutritional requirements in beef cattle systems. In animal production systems in subtropical and semiarid regions, research is increasingly being conducted to identify auxiliary models to assist in decision making, especially with regard to the use of concentrated supplementation because of the high costs of food such as soybeans (BEZERRA et al, 2013). Soybean is one of the vegetables that contain protein with reasonably balanced amino acid composition, and it is a protein source used to balance diets for cattle (TEDESCHI et al, 2015). The comparison of these products becomes necessary because the byproduct used, as well as the amounts to be used in the diet, significantly influences the performance of animals and the final weight to be sent to the market, and supplementation of soybeans byproducts is a cheaper approach to reduce production cost (RODRIGUES FILHO et al, 2013; SILVA-MARQUES et al, 2015)

Objectives

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion