Abstract
In 5G ultradense heterogeneous networks, wireless backhaul, as one of the important base station (BS) resources that affect user services, has attracted more and more attention. However, a user would access to the BS which is the nearest for the user based on the conventional user association scheme, which constrains the network performance improvement due to the limited backhaul capacity. In this paper, using backhaul-aware user association scheme, semiclosed expressions of network performance metrics are derived in ultradense heterogeneous networks, including coverage probability, rate coverage, and network delay. Specifically, all possible access and backhaul links within the user connectable range of BSs and anchor base stations (A-BSs) are considered to minimize the analytical results of outage probability. The outage for the user occurs only when the access link or backhaul link which forms the link combination with the optimal performance is failure. Furthermore, the theoretical analysis and numerical results evaluate the impact of the fraction of A-BSs and the BS-to-user density ratio on network performance metric to seek for a more reasonable deployment of BSs in the practical scenario. The simulation results show that the coverage probability of backhaul-aware user association scheme is improved significantly by about 2× compared to that of the conventional user association scheme when backhaul is constrained.
Highlights
The rapidly growing data traffic brings more and more pressure to the wireless networks, which is predicted to increase by over ten thousand times in the twenty years
Based on theoretic analysis and numerical results, the performance gains in coverage probability and rate coverage are validated, compared with the conventional user association scheme based on the minimum path loss
When the tagged user connects to the corresponding A-base stations (BS) through backhaul link, the pdf of outage can be given as (16), where R2 is the range of BS that the tagged user can access and N2 is assumed to be the maximum number of BSs that the tagged user can access in the twodimensional area B
Summary
The rapidly growing data traffic brings more and more pressure to the wireless networks, which is predicted to increase by over ten thousand times in the twenty years. The performance of backhaul links should be considered when making the access decision Taking all these factors into consideration, the codesign of access and backhaul is necessary so as to make full use of the available resources of small base stations and increase the capacity of ultradense heterogeneous networks. It is beneficial to select a part of the SBSs called Anchor BSs (A-BSs) to have a wired backhaul and the rest of SBSs to wireless backhaul to the A-BSs. In this paper, the performance indexes including coverage probability, rate coverage, and network delay are obtained based on the backhaul-aware user association scheme. Based on theoretic analysis and numerical results, the performance gains in coverage probability and rate coverage are validated, compared with the conventional user association scheme based on the minimum path loss
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