Abstract
Driven by the increase of data traffic, a heterogeneous ultra-dense network (H-UDN) constitute one of the most promising techniques to support the 5G mobile system. Ultra-dense network (UDN) refers to the idea of densifying the cellular networks to reduce the distance between the access nodes and the user equipment (UE) to achieve the highest possible transmission rates and to enhance the quality of service (QoS). Despite these advantages, (H-UDN) introduces numerous challenges in terms of resource allocation. In this paper, we develop a joint power allocation and user association strategy in H-UDN using non-cooperative game theory. The proposed game is divided into two sub-games, the Backhaul Game is implemented between BS and RNs in the backhaul links and the Access Game is implemented between the BS/RNs and UEs in the access links. The leaders estimate the strategies of their followers to decide on their strategies. Therefore, our solution starts first by solving the users association in the access links to derive the optimal power strategies of the followers and then choosing their optimal power allocation strategies. Subsequently, the followers do the best response to the leaders’ strategies. The simulation results show that our proposed algorithm can achieve the optimal power allocation and improve the performances of the system in term of throughput and UE rate compared to existing methods.
Highlights
With the increasing growth of data service and demand for a better quality of service, the generation of mobile communication technologies will have a great demand for data traffic and QoS expectation
XkmPkm ≤ PRmNax m∈vk where C1 is the constraint that there are ni users being served by station i, C2 specify the range of ni, C3 guarantees that each user can be associated with only one station, C4 sets the minimum QoS requirement Rreq to the associated user equipment (UE) m in term of data rate, C5 guarantees that all allocated powers are positives and C6 states that the sum of transmission power of different links needs to satisfy the limitation on their maximum power transmission and x1 and x2 are the user association for the direct and access link respectively
We propose here a new formulation of our problem as a joint power allocation between the access and the backhaul links based on non cooperative game theory with two sub-games, a Backhaul Game implemented between the backhaul links (BS-RN) and an Access Game between the access links (BS/RN-UE)
Summary
With the increasing growth of data service and demand for a better quality of service, the generation of mobile communication technologies will have a great demand for data traffic and QoS expectation. The problem of joint resource allocation between backhaul and access links was addressed for dense small cell networks in [9], [15], [16] and for relaying systems in [17]–[19] proving that it’s extremely difficult. A power allocation based on non-cooperative game theory in a heterogeneous ultra-dense relay network is proposed in order to guarantee QoS requirements and throughput balance between the access and backhaul links while estimating the number of associated UEs. Vt } UEs. Let V0 be the set of UEs served by BS and Vk the set of UEs served by RNs. We can write the channel bandwidth of the backhaul links, the direct links and the access links are respectively denoted as follows Bok , Bom and Bkm. We assume that one user can only be associated with one station, xkm is used to indicate the association variable between relay station k and UE m and xom is used to indicate the association variable between BS o and UE m. Where Bok , Bom and Bkm are respectively the bandwidths of the backhaul, the direct and the access links
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