Abstract

Water is essential for human life. The availability of decent dan safe water for drinking, food processing, and day to day necessity is required to prevent water-borne diseases. This study analyzes the role of household factors (compositional) and rural/urban village factors (contextual) on the condition of dug-wells water in Indonesia. The analysis used data integration of the 2018 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) – the National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas)in March 2018 and the 2018 Village Potential (Podes) data. These three surveys employed a cross-sectional design. We applied multilevel logistic regression modeling using STATA in the analysis. Samples were households that used dug wells in 12,259 rural/urban villages in Indonesia. The result found that 76,5% of households use basic drinking water facilities, in which 54% were in poor condition. The role of household-level (level 1) and rural/urban village-level (level 2) were almost the same, which were 50.13% and 49.87% respectively. In conclusion, there were no differences between household factors and rural/urban village factors in explaining the condition of drinking water from dug wells in Indonesia. To maintain proper and safe dug-wells-drinking-water facilities for all family members, it is necessary to provide environmental education to the community, to encourage community service and to reforest the living environment. 
 Abstrak
 Air sangat dibutuhkan dalam kehidupan manusia. Ketersediaan air yang layak dan aman sangat diperlukan oleh masyarakat untuk keperluan minum, pengolahan makanan dan kebutuhan sehari-hari agar dapat terhindar dari penyakit yang ditularkan melalui air. Penelitian ini menganalisis peranan faktor rumah tangga (komposisional) dan faktor desa/kelurahan (kontekstual) terhadap kondisi air minum sumur gali di Indonesia. Analisis menggunakan data integrasi Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018 - Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) Maret 2018 dan Potensi Desa (Podes) 2018. Ketiga survei tersebut menggunakan rancangan potong lintang. Analisis menggunakan pemodelan multilevel logistic regression dengan program STATA. Sampel diambil dari rumah tangga yang menggunakan sumur gali pada 12.259 desa/kelurahan di Indonesia. Dari hasil diketahui bahwa 76,5% rumah tangga menggunakan sarana air minum dasar, dengan 54% kondisinya tidak baik. Besar peran tingkat rumah tangga (level 1) dan desa/kelurahan (level 2) hampir sama besar yaitu 50,13% dan 49,87%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan faktor rumah tangga dan desa dalam menjelaskan kondisi air minum dari sumur gali di Indonesia. Untuk menjaga keberlangsungan sarana air minum sumur gali yang layak dan aman bagi seluruh anggota keluarga, diperlukan penyuluhan lingkungan bagi masyarakat, menggiatkan kerja bakti dan melakukan penghijauan lingkungan tempat tinggal.

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