Abstract

ABSTRAK. Rasa aman merupakan salah satu kebutuhan dasar manusia yang harus dimiliki pada setiap aktivitas. Aktivitas manusia tidak hanya terjadi pada ruang personal tetapi juga pada ruang publik. Ruang publik dalam perspektif arsitektur merupakan ruang bersama sebagai ruang netral yang dihadirkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat. Sifat netral yag dimiliki oleh ruang publik menyebabkan terjadinya keberagaman interaksi dan aktivitas dari berbagai kalangan masyarakat pada suatu lokasi yang sama. Namun, aktivitas di dalam ruang publik tidak selalu berlangsung dengan aman. Hal ini disebabkan oleh adanya peluang terjadinya perilaku negatif oleh sebagian orang. Terlebih lagi apabila pengaturan setting fisik suatu ruang publik tidak dirancang dengan baik. Hostile architecture dan CPTED (Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design) merupakan salah dua strategi desain yang mengupayakan penekanan resiko terjadinya perilaku yang tidak diinginkan. Penerapan hostile architecture dan CPTED melibatkan pengaturan elemen setting fisik yang dapat menekan resiko tersebut. Melalui metode content analysis, perilaku negatif diklasifikasi dan dianalisis keterkaitannya dengan upaya penerapan prinsip hostile architecture dan CPTED sebagai bentuk pencegahan terjadinya perilaku negatif melalui pengaturan elemen setting fisik di dalamnya. Dalam penelitian ini dihasilkan kategori elemen setting fisik dalam ruang publik yang dapat diatur berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip hostile architecture dan CPTED sebagai bentuk penekanan resiko terjadinya perilaku negatif. Kata kunci: pengaturan fisik, ruang publik, perilaku, hostile architecture, CPTED ABSTRACT. Safety is one of the needs humans must have while doing activities. Human activities can be done everywhere, either in personal or public spaces. From an architectural perspective, public spaces were granted as a third place that provides human needs. Public space had to be neutral for all people. This principle of public space established diverse activities and interactions between them. However, only some of these activities always go well. The possibility of negative behavior by some people could be a cause. Hostile architecture and CPTED (Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design) are design strategies that reduce unwanted behavior risk. The application of hostile architecture and CPTED involved the elements' arrangement of a physical setting in a public space. Through the content analysis method, undesirable behaviors were analyzed and integrated with the principles of hostile architecture and CPTED as preventions from the circumstance through elements of the physical setting. In this study, the arrangements of physical locations in public spaces based on the principles of hostile architecture and CPTED were initiated to suppress the appearance of undesirable behavior. Keywords: physical setting, public space, behavior, hostile architecture, CPTED

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