Abstract
The term of eco-friendly leather can be interpreted as chrome-free tanned leather. Recently, almost 80% of leather is tanned using chrome tanning agent because of the ease in processing and excellence of the physical properties. Nevertheless, people nowadays want an eco-friendly leather product. Vegetable tanning materials can be said as eco-friendly tanning material because their waste degrades easily. One of the weaknesses in the use of vegetable tanning is a high water absorption capability. In this research used a water repellent material that has the properties to suppress the ability of water absorption. The purpose of the research was to determine the effect of water repellent on physical properties and morphology of leather tanned by vegetable tanning materials. Because one of the weaknesses in the vegetable tanning is its high water absorption capability, in this research, water repellent was used and varied by 5; 7.5; 10; 12.5; and 15% . Physical properties obtained were compared with analysis of variance with the significance level of 95%. The water repellent increased from 5% to 15%. The results showed a decrease in water absorption capability from 77.6% to 65.39%, tearing strength from 41.64 to 20.05 kg/cm, tensile strength from 227.10 to 163.53 kg/cm2, and elongation at break from 57.11 to 49.68%, strong swelling and WVA have no significant changes, while for WVP, the maximum use of water repellent at 12.5%. SEM results indicate the presence of a thin layer on the leather fiber that can inhibit the absorption of water. Keywords: water repellent, upper leather, vegetable tanning, water absorption.
Highlights
Penyamakan saat ini menggunakan krom, karena kemudahan dalam proses dan keunggulan dalam sifat-sifat fisis kulit samaknya
The results showed a decrease in water absorption capability from 77.6% to 65.39%, tearing strength from 41.64 to 20.05 kg/ cm, tensile strength from 227.10 to 163.53 kg/cm2, and elongation at break from 57.11 to 49.68%, strong swelling and WVA have no significant changes, while for WVP, the maximum use of water repellent at 12.5%
KESIMPULAN Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengaruh water repellent pada pembuatan kulit atasan sepatu dengan samak mimosa akan memberikan pengaruh pada sifat-sifat fisis kulit, penurunan dalam sifat penyerapan air dari 77,6% pada penggunaan water repellent 5% menjadi 65,39% pada penggunaan water repellent 15%, penurunan kuat sobek dari 41,64 kg/cm menjadi 20,05 kg/cm berturut-turut dengan water repellent 5 dan 15%, untuk kuat tarik dari 227,10 menjadi 163,53 kg/ cm2 dan kemuluran dari 57,11 menjadi 49,68% masing-masing untuk water repellent berturutturut 5 dan 15%, sedang untuk kuat bengkuk dan WVA tidak ada perubahan yang signifikan, untuk WVP maksimum terjadi pada penggunaan water repellent 12,5%
Summary
Penyamakan saat ini menggunakan krom, karena kemudahan dalam proses dan keunggulan dalam sifat-sifat fisis kulit samaknya. Maksud dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari water repellent pada penyerapan air, sifat-sifat fisis dan morfologi kulit yang disamak dengan bahan penyamak nabati.
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