Pemodelan Sistem Informasi Banjir Penduduk Daerah Aliran Sungai Menggunakan Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract

Intisari — Selama periode Januari-Februari, umumnya penyebab banjir yang terjadi dikarenakan curah hujan yang tinggi dan sungai-sungai yang meluap. Siklus penanganan banjir meliputi pemberitahuan, penyebaran informasi prakiraan banjir, reaksi cepat dan bantuan penanganan darurat banjir serta perlawanan terhadap banjir. Sistem informasi banjir ini dibuat agar dapat meminimalisir dampak bencana banjir bagi daerah yang belum mempunyai stasiun pemantau banjir, dirancang menjadi 3 bagian yaitu Node, Master Node, Jalur Informasi. Bagian Node digunakan untuk mendeteksi tinggi muka air pada daerah aliran sungai rawan banjir menggunakan sensor ultrasonik. Bagian Master Node digunakan untuk mendeteksi curah hujan harian dengan sensor tipping bucket, menerima data dari bagian Node serta membunyikan sirine saat tinggi muka air sungai mendekati tanggul sungai. Komunikasi antara Node dan Master Node menggunakan LoRa SX1278. Bagian Jalur Informasi memonitor data tinggi muka air sungai dan curah hujan harian untuk penduduk daerah aliran sungai dan stakeholder penanggulangan banjir melalui aplikasi Blynk pada smartphone. Dari hasil pengujian diketahui LoRa SX1278 mampu berkomunikasi pada area outdoor berpenghalang 600 meter dan outdoor tanpa penghalang hingga 900 meter. Waktu respon rata-rata notifikasi dan peringatan dini diterima kurang dari 3 detik.
 Kata kunci — Sistem Informasi Banjir, sensor ultrasonik, tipping bucket, LoRa SX1278, Blynk.
 
 Abstract — During January-February period, generally the caused of flooding were due to high rainfall and overflowing rivers. The flood management cycle included notification, dissemination of flood forecast information, rapid response and assistance for flood emergency management and flood resistance. This flood information system was created in order to minimize the impact of flood disaster for an area that did not yet had a flood monitoring station. This system was designed into 3 parts, namely Node, Master Node, Information Path. The Node section used ultrasonic sensor to detect water level in flood-prone watersheds. The Master Node section used a tipping bucket sensor to detect daily rainfall, received data from the Node section and sound a siren when the river’s water level approach the river embankment. LoRa SX1278 was used to communicate between Node and Master Node. The Information Line section was used to monitor the river’s water level data and daily rainfall for watershed residents and stakeholders for flood prevention through the Blynk application on smartphones. Based on test result, LoRa SX1278 was able to communicate in outdoor areas with barriers until 600 meters and outdoor areas without obstacles up to 900 meters. The average response time for notifications and early warning sirens were less than 3 seconds.
 
 Keywords— Flood Information System, ultrasonic sensor, tipping bucket, LoRa SX1278, Blynk.