Abstract

Abstrak Hashim A. Ghani merupakan antara tokoh islah terawal di Negeri Sembilan yang lantang menyebarkan idea islah. Perjuangan islahnya terutama dalam menjelaskan tafsiran berkenaan persoalan taklid telah menimbulkan reaksi yang berbeza dalam kalangan masyarakat. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pemaknaan Hashim A. Ghani berkenaan taklid dan menganalisis pemikirannya tentang dua persoalan utama taklid dalam kalangan masyarakat Melayu. Kajian ini adalah sebuah kajian kualitatif dengan reka bentuk kajian analisis kandungan dan pensejarahan. Data-data kajian diperoleh daripada sumber primer dan sekunder daripada kajian teks dan temu bual. Kajian ini mendapati pemaknaan taklid menurut Hashim A. Ghani adalah perbuatan menerima sesuatu pendapat atau fatwa seseorang dalam urusan agama tanpa diketahui sumber asalnya. Menurutnya, perbuatan taklid bertentangan dengan konsep ittiba’. Hashim A. Ghani menegaskan bahawa mengamalkan taklid ialah haram, sedangkan melakukan ittiba’ ialah wajib. Dua persoalan taklid masyarakat Melayu yang telah menarik Hashim A. Ghani melakukan ulasan adalah berkenaan kekeliruan memahami taklid dan kewajipan bermazhab fiqh. Isu pertama dalam persoalan taklid adalah kekeliruan masyarakat Melayu dalam membezakan antara taklid dan ittiba’, keabsahan melakukan taklid, dan isu kelayakan berijtihad. Isu kedua dalam persoalan taklid adalah persoalan kewajipan bermazhab fiqh. Hashim A. Ghani melontarkan gagasan penilaian semula terhadap isu kewajipan masyarakat untuk bertaklid kepada mazhab Syafii sahaja, sekali gus dengan pengharaman melakukan talfiq. Abstract Hashim A. Ghani is one of the earliest islah figures in Negeri Sembilan who loudly spread the idea of ​​islah. His struggle for reform, especially in explaining the interpretation of the issue of taqlid, has caused different reactions in the community. This paper aims to study Hashim A. Ghani's interpretation of taklid and analyze his thoughts on the two main issues of taklid among the Malay community. This study is qualitative and has a content analysis and historical research design. The study data was obtained from primary and secondary sources from textual studies and interviews. This study found that the meaning of taqlid, according to Hashim A. Ghani, is the act of accepting someone's opinion or fatwa in religious affairs without knowing the original source. According to him, the act of taqlid is against the concept of ittiba'. Hashim A. Ghani asserted that practicing taklid is haram, while doing ittiba' is obligatory. Two issues of the taqlid of the Malay community that have attracted Hashim A. Ghani's comments are the confusion of understanding taqlid and the obligation to follow the fiqh madhhab. The first issue in the question of taqlid is the confusion of the Malay community in distinguishing between taqlid and ittiba', the legality of performing taqlid, and the issue of eligibility for ijtihad. The second issue in the question of taklid is the obligation to follow the school of jurisprudence. Hashim A. Ghani put forth the idea of ​​re-evaluating the community's obligation to follow the Syafii madhhab only, along with the prohibition of performing talfiq.

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