Pattern of malignant hematological disorders using bone marrow aspirate and biopsy at tertiary care hospital, Karachi.

Abstract

Introduction: Bone marrow aspirate and biopsy is an invasive method for identification, staging, and pursuing tumors. Current study designed to determine the frequency of malignant hematological disorders using bone marrow aspirate and biopsy at Dr. Ishrat ul Ebad Khan Institute of Blood Diseases (DIEKIBD).Objectives: To determine the frequencies of various hematological disorders usingbone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy examinationMethodology: In this retrospective study, 333 patients presenting at DIEKIBD during January 2019 to December 2020 were included. All these patients underwentbone marrow examination and the reports were retrieved from the departmentrecords.Result: It was observed that about 80 (24%) of the bone marrow examinationswere done for staging in which 8 (2.4%) were not illustrated any primary diseasesinvolvement while 72 cases (21%) contained primary diseases. Among nonmalignant conditions, iron deficiency anemia, megaloblastic anemia and mixed deficiency anemia were the most frequent, while acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acutemyeloid leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia were the most prevalent malignanthematological disorders.Conclusion: Pathological analysis of Bone Marrow via Aspirate and Trephine biopsy is a widespread approach in diagnosing, staging and prognosis of neoplastic aswell as non-neoplastic hematological disorders. Bone Marrow biopsy examinationanalysis has a significant value in the diagnosis and staging of malignant conditionsthan non-malignant disorder as in our study prevalence of malignant conditionswere more than non-malignant diseases.
 Key words: Bone Marrow Biopsy, Blood Disorder, Malignant Hematological Diseases.