A Three Years Detailed Research Study On The Hematological Disorders Spectrum On Aspirate Assessment Of Bone Marrow In The Setting Of Services Hospital, Lahore

Abstract

Background: Anemias and hematological malignancies are common blood disorders. Significant study for hematological disorders is bone marrow aspiration in this regard. The main aim of the study at hand is to identify age distribution, the sex and disorders related to hematology on bone marrow aspirate examination. Material & Methods: At Services Hospital, Lahore, an in-depth study was carried out from Jan 2015 - Dec 2017. Total 168 patients were selected for sample. Eligibility was ensured for bone marrow aspiration of all the patients directed to the laboratory. Patients who were affected with bleeding disorders I.e. hemophilia, were not included. Questionable reports of patients were also non-considered. Age grouping and sex were demographic variables. Pattern of the disorder on bone marrow aspirate examination was research variable. Obtained data was analyzed manually by percentage and frequency. Results: Twelve patients i.e. 07 percent of selected 168 were dropped. Twenty-six cases i.e. 16.67 percent were having non-hematological disorders. Seventy-eight cases i.e. 50 percent had non-malignant hematological disorders. Thirteen cases i.e. 8.33 percent were having normal marrow. However, thirty-nine i.e. 25 percent, had hematolog­ical malignancies. Thirty-one patients i.e. 39.74 percent suffered from most common disease ‘megaloblastic anemia’ (non-malignant hematological disorders). Four cases (10.25 percent) cases of chronic myeloid leukemia were reported. Twenty-three cases i.e. 58.97 percent, were sufferers of acute leukemia, pertaining to hematological malignancies. Five cases i.e. 12.82 percent cases of multiple myeloma were observed too. Conclusion:The most widespread disease amongst non-malignant hematological disorders was found to be Megaloblastic anemia. It was followed by iron deficiency anemia. Acute leukemias were widespread amongst malignant hematological disorders. In ascertaining the cause of disease and accurate diagnosis bone marrow aspiration is extremely useful. Key Words: Anemia, Multiple myeloma, acute myeloid leukemia, Acute lymphocytic leukemia, lymphoma, megaloblastic anemia, Chronic myeloid leukemia, Leukemia, Bone marrow aspiration, Hematological malignancies.