Paternity Test

Abstract

The article presents modern data on the properties of seminal fluid creating the primary conditions for the development of a healthy pregnancy. Actual pathophysiological theories based on the study of cell lines, proving the direct role of paternal material in the formation of an allogeneic environment, are considered. Literature data on the influence of dosing and quality of the partner's biological material are given. The subject of fertility is the interaction between male seminal fluid and female tissues during sexual intercourse, the effect on fertility, pregnancy and the health of the child. It has been established that the biological contribution of the father to pregnancy and his ability to influence the reproductive outcome goes beyond the simple provision of male mi gametes at conception. The key questions of the study are: whether the seminal fluid delivered during sexual intercourse affects gene expression and immune responses to the endometrium; the completeness of the identity of the molecular agents by which seminal plasma and sperm interact with the cells of the cervix and endometrium; the physiological significance of semen priming in women and its potential contribution to unexplained infertility, embryonic development and pregnancy outcome; clinical factors, lifestyle and environmental environments that affect seminal fluid composition and signaling function. Ultimately, a better understanding of the role of seminal fluid in shaping reproductive success could provide new avenues for diagnosing and treating infertility in couples and improve recommendations for couples planning a pregnancy or in assisted reproduction settings.