Part I: Evaluation for Hardware Trojan Detection Based on Electromagnetic Radiation

Abstract

Hardware Trojan (HT) is increasingly becoming a major threat in the filed of hardware security. Recently, researchers are taking a high value on the side-channel countermeasures. Meanwhile, the electromagnetic radiation (EMR) based method is one of the most promising schemes to ensure whether integrated circuit (IC) is HT-infected or not. In this paper, we focus on the ability evaluation for existing EMR based methods to implement the HT detection. We propose the noise model based on analyses of noise sources during HT detection using EMR. Then, we study the effect caused by several types of noises in this model. According to these analyses, we discuss the limitation for EMR based methods in two special scenarios, and propose an evaluation scheme to evaluate the detection capability for using EMR analysis to identify HTs. Finally, we exemplify our scheme with some experiments. Experimental results on FPGA show the effectiveness of EMR based methods as well as their limitations.