Parasitological studies of snails of different regions Ukraine

Abstract

Dandelion (Gastropoda) is a numerical class of molluscs (about 130 thousand species), which representatives live in seas, salted and freshwater basins, and in wetlands on land. Clams in natural conditions are often infected with larvae of trematodes and some species of nematodes. Locus of localization of larvae is mostly hepatopancreas. Snails are no exception, they can also get sick, as a result, they become sluggish, refuse to eat, begin to allocate too thick mucus and so on. They can be infected: mites, parasites, nematodes, trematodes, bacteria, fungi. Parasites in snails may appear in several ways, namely: transferring from the soil or through entering new pupils who have not undergone quarantine. The consequences may be the most dangerous: contamination of the whole soil, mollusc diseases, human infection. Signs of infection are: lethargy, lack of appetite, slow growth, visual detection. The purpose of this work was to conduct a life-long and post-mortem diagnosis of helminthiasis of snails from different regions of Ukraine. The research was carried out on the snails of the species Helix pomatia from different regions of Ukraine, as well as on the Helix aspersa maxima and Helix aspersa muller artificial populations. From laboratory methods of diagnosis used coproscopic studies (research of faecal samples) of snails. For this purpose, a track of fecal snails was used, which was investigated by 3 methods – deposition method, expulsion method and compressor method. It was found that in samples 1 and 2, eggs and larvae were not detected, and in samples 3, 4 and 5, that is, in the snails of the natural population, nematodose was observed, as well as fungi were detected. This indicates that the external environment plays an important role in the cycle of nematode development. And this is regulated by factors such as temperature and humidity. In the conditions of the farm, these factors, as well as the possibility of skipping eggs or larvae, can be regulated through preventive measures: regulating the density of snails, using special soil, pasture, feed, water, and limiting contact with other snails and animals altogether. These factors are not at all possible in the snails of the natural population, therefore, in our opinion, samples of snails 3, 4 and 5 were more susceptible to nematodosis and infection with mushrooms than snails in samples 1 and 2. The prospect of our further research will be the histological study of hepatopancreas for nematodoznoy invasion.