Parameters of erythrocytopoiesis, acid resistance and population composition of erythrocytes of cows with chronic hematuria

Abstract

Clinically, chronic hematuria is a disease characterized mainly by symptoms of massive cystogamia, which can be constant or periodic and is accompanied by common phenomena of anemia. The object of the study was the blood of clinically healthy and chronic hematuria cows of the Brown Carpathian breed. Based on clinical studies, there are two stages of the disease in cows: subclinical and clinically pronounced. In turn, the clinically expressed stage of the disease is divided into medium and severe. The last stage was accompanied by massive hematuria. To study the pathogenesis of chronic hematuria of cattle, data of erythrocytopoiesis, acid resistance and population composition of erythrocytes in their blood are of great importance. Anemia in cows with an average degree of hematuria is characterized by oligocythemia and oligochroma and was mainly hyperchromatic macrocytic. Anemia due to severe course of the disease is hyperchromic and macrocytic, both indicators (MCH and MCV) are significantly higher than in cows for subclinical and moderate hematuria. Analysis of the population composition of blood erythrocytes indicates that the response of cellular populations is ambiguous. It was found that in cows with chronic hematuria, the relative number of “ old ” populations of erythrocytes that actively participate in oxygenation processes is decreased. The picture was similar with the population of “ mature ” , most functionally active red blood cells. In particular, the number of “ mature ” cells in comparison with healthy cows was decreased by 7.0%. When studying the “ young ” forms of red blood cells, it was found that in the blood of cows suffering from chronic hematuria, they were growing, depending on the stage of the disease course. It is established, that the number of “ young ” populations of erythrocytes in the blood of cows in chronic hematuria was increased by 11.1% compared with clinically healthy animals. A significant decrease in the number of “ old ” and increasing “ young ” erythrocytes in the blood of cows suffering from chronic hematuria is a compensatory phenomenon in the development of hypoxia. Oxygen starvation due to anemia causes bone marrow irritation. Erythrogram in sick cows was characterized by a longer time of hemolysis of erythrocytes up to 6 – 7 minutes (in clinically healthy cows is completed by 5.5 min.). Erythrogram of cows in subclinical course of chronic hematuria peak of hemolysis accounted for 3 min (22.9%), whereas in cows with an average course of chronic hematuria, the acid hemolysis of erythrocytes was 3.5 minutes and its height was 15.5% of the hemolysed cells. Sick cows with a massive degree of course of chronic hematuria, the erythrogram had two peaks: for 3.5 min and 4.5 min, its height was respectively 12.9 and 11.7% of hemolyzed cells.