Abstract
BackgroundOxidative modifications have been observed in lipids and proteins in lipoproteins isolated from women with preeclampsia. Thus, newborns could also be susceptible to this damage directly through their mothers. In this study, we evaluated the oxidative profile of LDL-c and HDL-c lipoproteins isolated from the umbilical cord from newborns born to women with preeclampsia.MethodsThirty newborns born to women with preeclampsia and thirty newborns born to women with healthy pregnancies were included. Lipid-damage biomarkers, including conjugated dienes, lipohydroperoxides and malondialdehyde, were measured. The reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium, formation of dityrosines, and carbonylation of proteins were assessed as indicators of protein damage. The protective activity of paraoxonase-I on HDL-c particles was evaluated. The total antioxidant capacity and lipid profiles were quantified in plasma. Data were analysed using Student’s t-tests and Pearson correlation coefficients.ResultsCompared with the control group, the preeclampsia group had an increase in the percentage of lipid damage in both lipoproteins. There was an increase of 23.3 and 19.9% for conjugated dienes, 82.4 and 21.1% for lipohydroperoxides, and 103.8 and 51.5% for malondialdehyde in LDL-c and HDL-c, respectively. However, these infants did not show evident damage in protein oxidation. The activity of the enzyme paraoxonase-I was decreased by 36.2%; by contrast, the total antioxidant capacity was increased by 40% (protein) and 28.8% (non-protein).ConclusionsThe oxidative modifications that occur in HDL-c and LDL-c isolated from newborns from women with preeclampsia are mainly caused by lipoperoxidation processes related to evident paraoxonase-I inactivation. The absence of protein damage is likely linked to an increase in total antioxidant capacity. Therefore, antioxidant support could be helpful in reducing oxidative stress in mother/newborn dyads.
Highlights
Oxidative modifications have been observed in lipids and proteins in lipoproteins isolated from women with preeclampsia
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)-c possesses the PON-I enzyme, which provides important, protective antioxidant activity by hydrolysing LHP formed during lipid oxidation, protecting it from oxidative damage induced by Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-c, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) and other biomolecules
The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanisms of lipid and protein oxidation in low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) and HDL-c lipoproteins isolated from the umbilical cord of newborns from women with PE
Summary
Oxidative modifications have been observed in lipids and proteins in lipoproteins isolated from women with preeclampsia. Reduction of the NBT compound (NBT reduction) (mild), production of tyrosine dimers (DTs) (moderate) and carbonylation of proteins (CP) (severe) are markers of protein oxidation These findings are of great biological importance since these factors can cause biochemical changes to lipoproteins that lead to vascular endothelial dysfunction and create maternal complications that are characteristic of PE [7]. LDL-c becomes trapped in the subendothelium, where it is prone to oxidation processes and aggregation, promoting rapid uptake of these particles by macrophages to form foam cells. These alterations depend on LDL-c metabolism, which is predominantly triggered by molecular changes in LDL-c; it is of paramount biomedical importance to explore the structural features of LDL-c particles in great detail [8]. The consequences include loss of normal biological functions, induction of the proinflammatory state, adhesion of macrophages to the vascular wall, an increase in atherosclerotic lesions, and other complications [9]
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