Clinical and metabolic response to soy administration in older women with metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

Karimollah Hajian-Tilaki,Afsaneh Bakhtiari,Fatemeh Nasiri-Amiri,Shabnam Omidvar

doi:10.1186/s13098-019-0441-y

Karimollah Hajian-Tilaki, Afsaneh Bakhtiari

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-019-0441-y

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Abstract

BackgroundThere are many studies on the health effects of soy, only a few describe the effects of the simultaneous use of two types of soy on multiple components of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The present study was designed to determine the effects of roasted soy-nut and textured soy protein (TSP) intake on clinical and metabolic status of older women with MetS borderline parameters.MethodThis randomized, single-blind, controlled clinical trial included 75 women ≥ 60 years old with a diagnosis of MetS based on ATP III criteria. The participants were randomly allocated into three groups of 25 people; soy-nut, TSP and control groups for 12 week. Fasting blood samples were taken at the beginning and end of the trial to compare the metabolic responses. All participants provided three dietary records and physical activity records during the intervention. We used the Kolmogorov–Smirnov, ANOVA, ANCOVA, paired-t test, and the Generalized Linear Model (GLM) repeated measures analysis.ResultsDietary intake and physical activity of the participants in two groups were not significantly different. After 12 weeks of intervention the participants who received soy-nut had a significant decrease in total cholesterol (TC) (p < 0.001), low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein B100, fasting blood glucose, insulin (p < 0.05), HOMA-IR, malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.01) level. Morever, a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (p < 0.01) level compared with the control group. At the same time, the TSP brought significant decrease only in TC, insulin, MDA (p < 0.05) level and a significant increase in total TAC (p < 0.05) level. We did not find any significant effect in intervention groups, on apolipoprotein AI, triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), TG/HDL, C-reactive protein and fibrinogen levels after intervention.ConclusionShort-term intakes of roasted soy-nut and TSP have shown to improve the lipid profiles, markers of glucose intolerance and oxidative stress; although the roasted soy-nut was more effective than TSP. Therefore, a moderate daily intake of roasted soy-nut as snacks or TSP as a meal complement by individuals with borderline parameters of MetS can be a safe and a practical modality to avoid the progression of the disease as well as to limit the side effects of drug intake.Trial registration MUBABOL.REC.1388.1

Highlights

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), and its various features involving all body organs in the pathological process, is a major public health problem that causes the global burden of disease
After 12 weeks of intervention the participants who received soy-nut had a significant decrease in total cholesterol (TC) (p < 0.001), low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein B100, fasting blood glucose, insulin (p < 0.05), homeostasis model of assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.01) level
Short-term intakes of roasted soy-nut and textured soy protein (TSP) have shown to improve the lipid profiles, markers of glu‐ cose intolerance and oxidative stress; the roasted soy-nut was more effective than TSP

Summary

Introduction

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), and its various features involving all body organs in the pathological process, is a major public health problem that causes the global burden of disease. The prevalence of the MetS increases with age, and reaches the peak in the fifth decade of life. According to the definition of ATPIII, more than half of the population aged 60 years and higher, have MetS in Iran; prevalence in elderly women is higher than men [4]. There are many studies on the health effects of soy, only a few describe the effects of the simultane‐ ous use of two types of soy on multiple components of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The present study was designed to determine the effects of roasted soy-nut and textured soy protein (TSP) intake on clinical and metabolic status of older women with MetS borderline parameters

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