Abstract
1. All the steels investigated are subject to surface oxidation when exposed to the conditions under study. Many of them also succumb to intercrystalline corrosion. Saturation of the steels and alloys with carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen is observed in this process. 2. After carburizing the structure of steel Kh18N35 consists of austenite, a mixture of carbides (Fe, Cr)23C6 and (Fe, Cr)7C3, and the σ-phase; that of steel Kh18N24S2L —of austenite, (Fe, Cr)7C3 carbide, and the σ-phase. 3. In batch furnaces with a carbon-containing (carburizing) atmosphere it is recommended to use the following steels and alloys: a) for heaters — alloys 0Kh27Yu5A and 0Kh23Yu5A, or Kh20N80 if necessary for design reasons; b) for furnace parts made of deformable steels — Kh23N18 and Kh25; c) for cast parts — steel Kh25N19S2L. 4. Replacement of steels Kh18N35 and Kh18N24S2L with steel Kh25N19S2L will contribute to economy in nickel which is not readily available.
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