Abstract
Abstract The effects of low frequency electromagnetic stirring (EMS) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Fe-Cr-C alloys coatings prepared by plasma transferred arc cladding process have been investigated. The results showed that the microstructure of the coatings consists of primary (Fe, Cr)7C3 and austenite plus (Fe, Cr)7C3 eutectics. At a lower stirring frequency (0 to 10 Hz), the morphologies of (Fe, Cr)7C3 carbides change from blade-like to hexagon-like shape at first, while it promotes nodular-like (Fe, Cr)7C3 carbides formation at higher frequency (15 to 20 Hz). The high volume fraction (78.2%) and the most refined crystalline (31 μm) of hexagon-like (Fe, Cr)7C3 carbides are obtained under the optimum EMS at 10 Hz. It is also corresponding variations in mechanical properties with structural evolutions. For the coating without EMS, the average hardness (H) and fracture toughness (KIC) are 798 Hv100 and 2.86 MPa m1/2, respectively. These properties are remarkably improved as function of stirring frequency (H = 1164 Hv100 and KIC = 4.28 MPa m1/2 are achieved in the coating with EMS at 10 Hz). But further increase of stirring frequency, it induces the decrease of H and KIC. The different microstructural characteristics and distribution morphologies responsible for these EMS-induced changes in mechanical properties and wear resistance of the coatings are discussed in details.
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