Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) are increasingly employed for treating secondary tailwater treatment from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), addressing the challenges of nitrogen removal and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction. This study explores the potential for enhancing nitrogen removal while reducing GHG emissions in vertical flow CWs by optimizing the influent ammonium-nitrate ratio in real tailwater scenarios. Six different influent ammonium-nitrate ratios (0:15, 1:20, 1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1) were investigated and the results indicate that an ammonium-nitrate ratio of 1:5 achieves the highest total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency of 77.50 ± 2.40 %, with the effluent concentrations below 4 mg/L. Conversely, a ratio of 1:10 minimized N2O emissions (0.027 mg/(m2⋅h)), representing just 0.054 ‰ of influent TN. Additionally, it was observed that increasing the ammonium-nitrate ratio influences microbial selectivity within the system. Moreover, a life cycle assessment further indicates that a 1:5 ratio poses the lowest potential environmental impact. These insights guide the design optimization of CWs for enhanced nitrogen removal and GHG mitigation, providing valuable strategies for tailwater management from WWTPs.
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