Abstract
Microbial electrolytic cell (MEC) was regarded as an advanced bioelectrochemical wastewater treatment technology, which showed remarkable energy-saving characteristics and comprehensive environmental treatment ability. Particularly in the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated and organically polluted wastewater, MECs exhibited significant advantages and potential. This review provided a thorough analysis of the composition and working principle of MECs to enhance understanding of this cutting-edge technology. Furthermore, this review systematically reviewed the research progress of MECs in the removal of heavy metals and organic pollutants, and provided a detailed overview of the technical progress. On this basis, the influence of different key factors on the efficiency of MEC was further discussed, such as electrode material selection, operating temperature, solution pH, etc. Additionally, it offered a theoretical basis for optimizing operational parameters. Finally, it highlighted challenges faced by MECs along with current research limitations while proposing future directions and potential development trends for further investigation. The purpose of this review was to provide valuable reference and future research insights and suggestions for the study of MEC degradation pollutants.
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