Abstract
This research investigates the simultaneous sintering and surface nitriding of 316L stainless steel alloy using powder metallurgy method. The influence of sintering temperature and dwell time are investigated for maximum nitrogen absorption, densification and increased microhardness using response surface methodology (RSM). In this study, 316L stainless steel powder was compacted at 800 MPa and sintered at two different temperatures of 1150 and 1200 °C with varying dwell times of 1, 3, 5 and 8 h in nitrogen atmosphere. The sintered compacts were then characterized for their microstructure, densification, microhardness and nitrogen absorption. The results revealed that increased dwell time assisted nitrogen to diffuse into stainless steel matrix along with the creation of nitride layer onto the sample surface. The microhardness and density also increased with increasing dwell time. A densification of 7.575 g/cm3 and microhardness of 235 HV were obtained for the samples sintered at 1200 °C temperature with 8 h dwell time. The simultaneous sintering and surface nitriding technique developed in this research work can help in improving corrosion resistance of this material and controlling leaching of metal ions for its potential use in biomedical applications.
Highlights
Among the commonly used biomaterials, 316L stainless steel is in use since ancient times when total hip replacement of a patient was carried out using 316L stainless steel for implantation [1,2].Since 316L stainless steel has been gaining great attention in biomedical applications
The plot shows that nitrogen absorption increases with increase of sintering temperature and dwell time
The experimental results revealed that a significant amount of nitride layer was formed on the surface of the sintered samples
Summary
Sadaqat Ali 1, * , Ahmad Majdi Abdul Rani 2, *, Riaz Ahmad Mufti 1 , Syed Waqar Ahmed 3 , Zeeshan Baig 4 , Sri Hastuty 5 , Muhammad Al’Hapis Abdul Razak 6 and Abdul Azeez Abdu Aliyu 7. Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Seri Iskandar 32610, Malaysia
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