Optimization, kinetics and thermodynamics for the removal of crystal violet dye using synthesized FeNPs from Carica papaya leaves extract

Abstract

Human eyes have long been captivated by color. The addition of color to textiles is what gives them their appealing appearance. Dyes are crucial to the textile industry because they not only give textiles, paper, and leather color, but they are also extremely harmful when untreated dye industry waste water is thrown into nearby water bodies. Methods of color removal become quite important in this situation. The ferrous nanoparticles recently developed from Carica papaya leaves have significant adsorptive capabilities. The current research focuses on employing ferrous nanoparticles made from Carica papaya leaves to remove the crystal violet pigment from fabrics. By using SEM and FTIR analysis, nanoparticle characterization is carried out. While keeping other parameters constant, the effects of changing the contact time, adsorbent dosage, PH of the aqueous dye solution, initial dye concentration, and temperature are examined. Adsorption isotherm experiments are conducted using the Freundlich, and Langmuir models. It is shown that the Freundlich isotherm is best suited for this analysis, with a maximum capacity of 120 mg/g and an adsorption coefficient of kf = 51.40 and R2 = 0.992. Plotting pH against dye removal percentage revealed that considerable adsorption occurred at a pH value of 7. It gives good agreement with pseudo second-order kinetics for cystal violet removal. Thermodynamic parameters, including changes in free energy, enthalpy, and entropy were studied.