Optimal probabilistic operation management of smart parking lot and renewable sources in microgrid to reduce cost and improve system reliability considering demand response program

Abstract

In this article, a new probabilistic operation management model for a microgrid (MG) with renewable sources such as solar and wind and also smart parking lots (PLs) is proposed. The model is based on demand response programing (DRP) with considering renewable sources and PLs uncertainties. An innovative scenario-based weighted objective function is proposed for the MG energy management system. The objective function is a combination of MG operation cost and the energy not supplied (ENS) fines for each scenario. Scenarios are weighted according to the probability of their occurrence in the objective function, so that more probable scenarios have a greater impact on the final cost. The generic Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) is used for generating the scenarios. For the proposed energy management model, the reliability index called loss of power supply probability (LPSP) is considered as a constraint. Also, the modified version of lightning search algorithm (LSA) is used due to higher accuracy. The proposed method is tested on the IEEE 33-bus test system. The simulation results indicated the good performance of the proposed method.