Abstract
Abstract Cattleya cernua is an epiphytic orchid native of the Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, Caatinga and Pampa. Aiming at the development of an in vitro conservation technology, plants were micropropagated through asymbiotic culture and the influence of different concentrations of sucrose (10, 30, 60 and 90 g L-1) and macronutrients (25, 50 and 100% MS) on survival and development was evaluated. Plant survival ranged between 47 and 100%. The interaction between macronutrients and sucrose influenced plant development. The aerial system of the plants was higher in 100% MS medium combined with 30 or 60 g L-1 of sucrose. The number of roots was higher with reduced macronutrients, combined with 30 or 60 g L-1 of sucrose. The length of the largest root was also higher when macronutrients were reduced but combined with 10 or 30 g L-1 of sucrose. The greatest mass was recorded when 30 g L-1 of sucrose was added to the three salt concentrations. Chlorophyll did not differ between plants grown with 30 or 90 g L-1 of sucrose. We recommend cultivating the plants in MS medium with 30 g L-1 of sucrose for better development of the aerial system. C. cernua can be asymbiotically micropropagated, facilitating ex vitro conservation strategies.
Highlights
Cattleya cernua (Lindl.) Van den Berg (basionym Sophronitis cernua (Lindl.) Lindl.) is a characteristic holoepiphytic orchid that reaches 15 cm in height and can occur both in the higher regions of trunks, in the primary and intermediate branches, and in areas more exposed to direct solar radiation (Cunha & Forzza 2007; Buzatto et al 2010; Schinini 2010)
The highest means for height of aerial part (HAP) were recorded for treatments containing 30 and 60 g L-1 of sucrose, while treatments containing 10 and 90 g L-1 of sucrose had significantly lower means for HAP (Tab. 2)
There was a significant influence of sucrose and macronutrient concentration on HAP, this was not observed for the interaction between the concentration of both components (Tab. 2)
Summary
Cattleya cernua (Lindl.) Van den Berg (basionym Sophronitis cernua (Lindl.) Lindl.) is a characteristic holoepiphytic orchid that reaches 15 cm in height and can occur both in the higher regions of trunks, in the primary and intermediate branches, and in areas more exposed to direct solar radiation (Cunha & Forzza 2007; Buzatto et al 2010; Schinini 2010). The species is widely distributed, information on occurrence records is scarce and sparse (Moreira et al 2014). Biomes such as the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest are considered global biodiversity hotspots (Myers et al 2000) that have been highly degraded. The Atlantic Forest, another Brazilian biome with a high degree of biological diversity, is reduced to about 8% of its original area of approximately 1,315,460 km (Fundação SOS Mata Atlântica 2019). More than 20 thousand plant species are found in the Atlantic Forest, 40% of which are considered endemic (Fundação SOS Mata Atlântica 2019)
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