Abstract
A unified approach to acid-base behaviour in (i) aqueous (protonic) media and (ii) molten salts and glasses (nonprotonic media) is established in terms of a theoretical scale of Lewis basicity. The Lewis basicity of any oxide medium (expressed as the optical basicity, Λ) can in principal be obtained either from spectroscopic measurements or calculated from the stoichiometry and the Pauling electro-negativities of the constituent elements. Previously the use of optical basicity has been confined to anhydrous molten salts and glasses, but is now shown that in aqueous solution the p K of any oxyacid (including values correspondng to successive ionization constants) is given by the formula: p K + 1.74 = 58.3 ( Λ - 0.40). This equation provides a simple link between acid-base chemistry in oxide and protonic systems and can be applied to many problems of practical importance.
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