Abstract
—Strong blue colouration has been induced in rf sputtered thin films of WO3 by electrochemical injection of H+, Li+, Na+ and Ag+ ions from various solid and liquid electrolytes. Electrical conductivity and optical properties of the coloured films are reported. Comparison of these properties with those of single crystal tungsten bronzes of equivalent composition is made. Evidence, electrical and optical, for a non-uniform distribution of injected ions produced by relatively fast diffusion down grain boundaries in these polycrystalline WO3 films, is presented. A model for the optical absorption consisting of two components, due to (i) conduction electron intra-band transitions (in states close to crystallite surfaces) and (ii) transitions from unionized donor states to the conduction band (in the grain boundary phase), is tentatively proposed.
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