Ophthalmic drug delivery system: Challenges and approaches

Abstract

Promising management of eye ailments take off effective concentration of drug at the eye for sufficient period of time. Ocular drug delivery is hampered by the barriers protecting the eye. The bioavailability of the active drug substance is often the major hurdle to overcome. Conventional ocular dosage form, including eye drops, are no longer sufficient to combat ocular diseases. This article reviews the constraints with conventional ocular therapy, essential factors in ocular pharmacokinetics, and explores various approaches like eye ointments, gel, viscosity enhancers, prodrug, penetration enhancers, microparticles, liposomes, niosomes, ocular inserts, implants, intravitreal injections, nanoparticles, nanosuspension, microemulsion, in situ-forming gel, iontophoresis, and periocular injections to improve the ocular bioavailability of drug and provide continuous and controlled release of the drug to the anterior and posterior chamber of the eye and selected pharmacological future challenges in ophthalmology. In near future, a great deal of attention will be paid to develop noninvasive sustained drug release for both anterior and posterior segment eye disorders. Current momentum in the invention of new drug delivery systems hold a promise toward much improved therapies for the treatment of visionthreatening disorders. How to Cite this Article Pubmed Style Patel PB, Shastri DH, Shelat PK, Shukla AK. Drug Delivery System: Challenges and SRP. 2010; 1(2): 114-120. doi:10.4103/0975-8453.75042 Web Style Patel PB, Shastri DH, Shelat PK, Shukla AK. Drug Delivery System: Challenges and http://www.sysrevpharm.org/?mno=302644614 [Access: March 28, 2021]. doi:10.4103/0975-8453.75042 AMA (American Medical Association) Style Patel PB, Shastri DH, Shelat PK, Shukla AK. Drug Delivery System: Challenges and SRP. 2010; 1(2): 114-120. doi:10.4103/0975-8453.75042 Vancouver/ICMJE Style Patel PB, Shastri DH, Shelat PK, Shukla AK. Drug Delivery System: Challenges and SRP. (2010), [cited March 28, 2021]; 1(2): 114-120. doi:10.4103/0975-8453.75042 Harvard Style Patel PB, Shastri DH, Shelat PK, Shukla AK (2010) Drug Delivery System: Challenges and SRP, 1 (2), 114-120. doi:10.4103/0975-8453.75042 Turabian Style Patel PB, Shastri DH, Shelat PK, Shukla AK. 2010. Drug Delivery System: Challenges and Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 1 (2), 114-120. doi:10.4103/0975-8453.75042 Chicago Style Patel PB, Shastri DH, Shelat PK, Shukla AK. Ophthalmic Drug Delivery System: Challenges and Approaches. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 1 (2010), 114-120. doi:10.4103/0975-8453.75042 MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style Patel PB, Shastri DH, Shelat PK, Shukla AK. Ophthalmic Drug Delivery System: Challenges and Approaches. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 1.2 (2010), 114-120. Print. doi:10.4103/0975-8453.75042 APA (American Psychological Association) Style Patel PB, Shastri DH, Shelat PK, Shukla AK (2010) Drug Delivery System: Challenges and Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 1 (2), 114-120. doi:10.4103/0975-8453.75042